Protesters have targeted tourists with water guns in Barcelona as part of mass demonstrations over the number of visitors to the Spanish city.
Photos showed other people marching in the streets and protesting diners seated outside restaurants.
Water-filled guns were fired at others who protesters said were visiting the city.
Guests were prevented from leaving their hotels when activists checked them out.
Thousands of people would have participated in the demonstration against mass tourism: the Catalan capital welcomed more than 12 million tourists in 2023 and expects more in 2024.
The tension has increased due to the rising price of housing and rents in Spain, as well as the price of goods in shops, with many attributing this trend to increased tourism.
Anger has also been directed at tourists over water shortages in Spain due to the growing effect of climate change.
The latest demonstration comes amid a summer of protests across Spain and its regions, as thousands of people took to the streets of the Balearic Islands to protest mass tourism and overpopulation.
Protesters marched in Menorca and Mallorca to call for tourism to be “more sustainable. “
Last week, the Spanish government announced a crackdown on seasonal and short-term rentals, amid growing anger from locals who feel excluded from the asset market.
The government has said it will investigate listings on platforms such as Airbnb and Booking. com to verify that they have licenses, Consumer Rights Minister Pablo Bustinduy said.
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Rents increased by an average of 13% in June compared to the previous year and by 18% in tourist towns such as Barcelona and Madrid, according to the real estate company Idealista.
Barcelona Mayor Jaume Collboni has also announced plans to phase out all short-term rentals in the town through 2028.
Tourist apartment owners have criticized the proposals, while the Spanish Constitutional Court questions whether the resolution is legal.
There is growing fear about the impact of tourism on water resources, and many regions of Spain continue to suffer from droughts and face restrictions on water use.
Heatwaves have posed increasingly demanding situations in southern Europe: on the Italian island of Sicily, hotels are said to have been forced to turn away visitors because they may simply not guarantee enough water for showers or cisterns.